Visual interpretation of land cover, classification.
True color imagery is displayed in a combination of red, green and blue band.
Custom script: return [B04, B03, B02];
Sentinel 2 EO products
Color Composites
TRUE COLOR
B04,B03,B02
RGB(4,3,1) - Bathymetric
B04,B03,B01
Sentinel RGB (4,3,1) - Bathymetric.
Custom script: return [B04, B03, B01];
RGB(12,8,4) - Short-wave Infrared
B12,B08,B04
RGB (12,8,4) - Short-wave Infrared.
Custom script: return [B12, B08, B04];
RGB(12,11,2) - Geology
B12,B11,B02
Sentinel - RGB (12,11,2) - Geology.
Custom script: return [B12, B11, B02];
RGB(11,8,2) - Agriculture
B11,B08,B02
RGB (11,8,2) - Agriculture.
Custom script: return [B11, B08, B02];
FALSE COLOR
B08,B04,B03
Visual interpretation of vegetation, classification.
False color imagery is displayed in a combination of standard near infra-red, red and green band.
Custom script: return [B08, B04, B03];
Indices
SIPI (Structure Insensitive Pigment Index)
The SIPI index maximizes sensitivity to the ratio of bulk carotenoids to chlorophyll while minimizing the impact of the variable canopy structure. It is very useful in areas with high variability in the canopy structure, or leaf area index..
Values description: The range of a SIPI is from 0 to 2, where healthy green vegetation is from 0.8 to 1.8.
Custom script: link
SAVI (Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index)
PSSR (Pigment Specific Simple Ratio)
Sentinel - PSSR (Pigment Specific Simple Ratio)
Custom script: link
NDWI (Normalized Difference Water Index)
Sentinel - NDWI (Normalized Difference Water Index)
The NDWI index is most appropriate for water body mapping. The water body has strong absorbability and low radiation in the range from visible to infrared wavelengths. The index uses the green and Near Infra-red bands of remote sensing images based on this phenomenon. The NDWI can enhance the water information effectively in most cases. It is sensitive to built-up land and often results in over-estimated water bodies.
Values description: Values of water bodies are larger than 0.5. Vegetation has much smaller values, which results in distinguishing vegetation from water bodies easier. Built-up features have positive values between zero and 0.2.
Custom script: link
NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index)
Sentinel - NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index)
This most known and used vegetation index is a simple, but effective VI for quantifying green vegetation. It normalizes green leaf scattering in the Near Infra-red wavelength and chlorophyll absorption in the red wavelength.
Values description: The value range of an NDVI is -1 to 1. Negative values of NDVI (values approaching -1) correspond to water. Values close to zero (-0.1 to 0.1) generally correspond to barren areas of rock, sand, or snow. Low, positive values represent shrub and grassland (approximately 0.2 to 0.4), while high values indicate temperate and tropical rainforests (values approaching 1).
Custom script: link
NDII
This index uses a normalized difference formulation instead of a simple ratio. It is a reflectance measurement, sensitive to changes in water content of plant canopies. The index values increase with increasing water content. Applications include agricultural crop management, forest canopy monitoring, and stressed vegetation detection.
Values description: The values of this index range from -1 to 1. The common range for green vegetation is between values of 0.02 to 0.6.
Custom script: link
NBR-RAW (Normalized Burn Ratio)
Sentinel - NBR-RAW (Normalized Burn Ratio)
To detect burned areas, the NBR-RAW index is the most appropriate choice. It highlights burned areas in large fire zones greater than 500 acres. Create pre- and post-fire NBR images, subtract the post-fire image from the pre-fire image to create a differenced (or delta) NBR image that indicates burn severity.
Values description: Darker pixels indicate burned areas.
Custom script: link
MSI
The MSI is a reflectance measurement, sensitive to increases in leaf water content.
With the increase of water content of leaves in vegetation canopies increases also the strength of absorption around 1599nm. Absorption at 819nm is used as a reference, since it’s nearly unaffected by changing water content. Applications of the MSI include canopy stress analysis, productivity prediction and modelling, fire hazard condition analysis, and studies of ecosystem physiology. This index is inverted relative to other water vegetation indices; higher values indicate greater water stress and less water content.
Values description: The values of this index range from 0 to more than 3. The common range for green vegetation is 0.4 to 2.
Custom script: link
MCARI (Modified Chlorophyll Absorption in Reflectance Index)
Sentinel - MCARI (Modified Chlorophyll Absorption in Reflectance Index)
Custom script: link
mARI (Modified Anthocyanin Reflectance Index)
To correct for leaf density and thickness, the near infrared spectral band (in the recommended wavelengths of 760-800nm), which is related to leaf scattering, is added to the basic ARI index. The new index is called modified ARI or mARI (also ARI2).
mARI(ARI2) = ((1 / 550nm) - (1 / 700nm)) * NIR
mARI values for the examined trees in this original article ranged in values from 0 to 8.
GNDVI (Green Normalized Difference Vegetation Index)
Sentinel - GNDVI (Green Normalized Difference Vegetation Index)
Custom script: link
EVI (Enhanced Vegetation Index)
In areas of dense canopy where the leaf area index (LAI) is high, the NDVI values can be improved by leveraging information in the blue wavelength. Information in this portion of the spectrum can help correct for soil background signals and atmospheric influences.
Values description: The range of values for the EVI is -1 to 1, where healthy vegetation generally falls between values of 0.20 to 0.80.
Custom script: link
EVI2 (Enhanced Vegetation Index 2)
Sentinel - EVI2 (Enhanced Vegetation Index 2)
Custom script: link
CHL-RED-EDGE (Chlorophyll Red-Edge)
Sentinel - CHL-RED-EDGE (Chlorophyll Red-Edge)
Custom script: link
ARVI
The ARVI is most useful in regions of high atmospheric aerosol content. It works by using reflectance measurements in the blue wavelengths to correct for atmospheric scattering effects that register in the red reflectance spectrum..
Values description: The range for an ARVI is -1 to 1 where green vegetation generally falls between values of 0.20 to 0.80.
Custom script: link
ARI1 (Anthocyanin Reflectance Index)
Anthocyanins are pigments common in higher plants, causing their red, blue and purple coloration. They provide valuable information about the physiological status of plants, as they are considered indicators of various types of plant stresses.
The reflectance of anthocyanin is highest around 550nm. However, the same wavelengths are reflected by chlorophyll as well. To isolate the anthocyanins, the 700nm spectral band, that reflects only chlorophyll and not anthocyanins, is subtracted.
ARI looks like this:
ARI1 = (1 / 550nm) - (1 / 700nm)
ARI values for the examined trees in this original article ranged in values from 0 to 0.2.
Custom script: link
Raw Bands
Band B12
B12
Sentinel - Band B12
Resolution = 20m/px
Central Wavelength = 2190nm
Bandwidth = 180nm
Purpose = Snow / ice / cloud discrimination
Capabilities = It is useful for measuring the moisture content of soil and vegetation, and it provides good contrast between different types of vegetation. It helps differentiate between snow and clouds. On the other hand, it has limited cloud penetration.
Custom script: return [B12];
Band B11
B11
Sentinel - Band B11
Resolution = 20m/px
Central Wavelength = 1610nm
Bandwidth = 90nm
Purpose = Snow / ice / cloud discrimination
Capabilities = It is useful for measuring the moisture content of soil and vegetation, and it provides good contrast between different types of vegetation. It helps differentiate between snow and clouds. On the other hand, it has limited cloud penetration.
Custom script: return [B11];
Band B10
B10
Sentinel - Band B10
Resolution = 60m/px
Central Wavelength = 1375nm
Bandwidth = 30nm
Purpose = For cirrus cloud detection.
Custom script: return [B10];
Band B09
B09
Sentinel - Band B09
Resolution = 60m/px
Central Wavelength = 945nm
Bandwidth = 20nm
Purpose = It is good for detecting the water vapour.
Custom script: return [B09];
Band B08 - NIR (Near Infra-red)
B08
Sentinel - Band B08
Resolution = 10m/px
Central Wavelength = 842nm
Bandwidth = 115nm
Purpose = Near infrared
Capabilities = It is good for mapping shorelines and biomass content, as well as at detecting and analyzing vegetation.
Custom script: return [B08];
Band B08A
B8A
Sentinel - Band B8A
Resolution = 20m/px
Central Wavelength = 865nm
Bandwidth = 20nm
Purpose = For classifying the vegetation.
Custom script: return [B8A];
Band B07
B07
Sentinel - Band B07
Resolution = 20m/px
Central Wavelength = 783nm
Bandwidth = 20nm
Purpose = For classifying the vegetation.
Custom script: return [B07];
Band B06
B06
Sentinel - Band B06
Resolution = 20m/px
Central Wavelength = 740nm
Bandwidth = 15nm
Purpose = For classifying the vegetation.
Custom script: return [B06];
Band B05 (Red edge)
B05
Sentinel - Band B05
Resolution = 20m/px
Central Wavelength = 705nm
Bandwidth = 15nm
Purpose = For classifying the vegetation.
Custom script: return [B05];
Band B04 (Red)
B04
Sentinel - Band B04
Resolution = 10m/px
Central Wavelength = 665nm
Bandwidth = 30nm
Purpose = Red
Capabilities = It reflects well from dead foliage and is useful for identifying vegetation types, soils and urban (city and town) features. It has limited water penetration and doesn’t reflect well from live foliage with chlorophyll.
Custom script: return [B04];
Band B03 (Green)
B03
Sentinel - Band B03
Resolution = 10m/px
Central Wavelength = 560nm
Bandwidth = 35nm
Purpose = Green
Capabilities = It gives excellent contrast between clear and turbid (muddy) water, and fairly well penetrates clear water. It helps finding oil on the water surface, and vegetation. It reflects more green light than any other visible color. Man-made features are still visible.
Custom script: return [B03];
Band B02 (Blue)
B02
Sentinel - Band B02
Resolution = 10m/px
Central Wavelength = 490nm
Bandwidth = 65nm
Purpose = Blue
Capabilities = It is useful for soil and vegetation discrimination, forest type mapping, and identifying man-made features. Scattered by the atmosphere, it illuminates material in shadows better than longer wavelengths, and it also penetrates clear water better than other colors. It is absorbed by chlorophyll, which results in darker plants.
Custom script: return [B02];
Band B01
B01
Sentinel - Band B01
Resolution = 60m/px
Central Wavelength = 443nm
Bandwidth = 20nm
Purpose = For aerosol detection.
Custom script: return [B01];